Hardware and Function for Internet Access

Hardware (Hardware) needed to access the Internet and its functions, among others are:
1. Computer
2. Modem
3. Line (Line Telephone), Cable TV, ISDN, Mobile

1. COMPUTER
Computers are a major component to be able to access the internet. Computer specifications used in the Internet connection is fast or slow performance to determine Internet access. the higher the specification of a computer, the faster the performance of Internet access, and vice versa.
Minimum specifications of a computer in internet access among others as follows:

Processor
is the brain of the computer to run applications in the computer. Minimum Pentium III 500MHz processor.

RAM (Random Access Memory) serves as a temporary storage medium. Minimum 64MB RAM

Harddisk

used for data storage media secarmagnetik. At least 10GB hard drive

VGA card
Is the hardware for menampilakan image on the monitor screen. VGA card at least 4MB.

Monitor
Is an output device.


2. MODEM
M
Odem acronym derived from modulator demodulator. Modulator is the part that converts the signal information into the carrier signal (Carrier) and is ready to be sent, while the demodulator is the part that separates the information signal (which contain data or messages) of the signal (carrier) that accepted so that information can be received well. Modem is a merger of both, it means the modem is a two-way communication tool.
In short, the modem is a device to convert the computer digital signals into analog signals and vice versa. Computers that connect to the internet connected to telephone lines via modems. Based on the modem functions are divided menjai three types. Among others:
• Dial Up Modem (Internal / External / Cable Modem / ADSL Modem)
Modem functions to convert the analog waves into digital signals into analog waves of telephone wires so that the computer can be connected to the Internet.
Dial Up Modem commonly used by the Personal Computer (PC) is directly connected via phone lines. Type of dial-up modem there are two kinds:

1) Internet Modem
Internet modem is a modem that is installed in the computer, especially the expansion slots are available in computer mainboard. Average speed internal modem for the download is 56 Kbps.
Advantages of using an internal modem, among other things:
a) More efficient place and a more economical price
b) Does not require an adapter so impressed there is a lot more concise without wires.
While the weakness of the internal modem, as follows:
a) This modem does not require an indicator light so it is difficult to monitor modem status
b) The modem is not using its own voltage source that requires power from the power supply. This resulted in temperature increases the heat in the CPU box.
2) External Modem
External modem is a modem that is located outside the computer CPU. An external modem connected to a computer via com port or USB. Installation of this modem is to connect the modem to the power and connect again to the adapter and then plugged back into power.
Gain an external modem:
a) Portability is well enough to be moved around for use on another computer
b) Equipped with indicator lights making it easy to monitor the status of the modem.

The weakness of the external modem:
a) The price is more expensive than the internal modem
b) Requires a separate place or location to put the modem.
• Cable Modem (Cable Modem)
Cable Modem (Cable Modem), is the hardware that connects your PC with a cable TV connection. This cable TV network can be used for connection to the Internet at speeds higher than dialup modem or ADSL modem, cable modem speed maximum of 27Mbps downstream (to the user's download speed) and 2.5 Mbps upstream (upload speed of the user).
Before you can connect to the Internet, so users are required to register with cable TV service providers and ISPs (Internet Service Provider).
• Modem ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line)

ADSL or Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line is a form of DSL technology. Characteristic of ADSL is its asymmetric, namely that the data transferred in a different speed from one side to another.
The main idea is to split the ADSL phone line signal into two parts for voice and data. It allows users to melakuakn or receive a phone call and make an Internet connection simultaneously without disturbing each other.
Type of modem

1. Analog modem is a modem that converts analog signals into digital signals
2. ADSL Modem
3. Cable modem is a modem that receives data directly from service providers via cable TV
4. CDMA Modem
5. Modem 3GP
6. GSM Modem
3. Line (Line Telephone), Cable TV, ISDN, Satellite, Mobile
Line (Line Phone)
The telephone line is also an important and hardware needed to connect computers to the Internet. The use of the telephone line is also followed by the use of dial-up modem. Currently, we do not have to register again to the ISP, for example by using Instant Telkomnet package which can directly access the internet.
Cable TV
In addition to phone lines, to make Internet access can also be done by using cable TV. To be able to access the Internet using cable TV network, the modem used is a cable modem. To be able to use a cable modem, the computer must be equipped with ethernet (ethernet card). Access service to cable modem via cable TV networks to ISPs are: CBN, indosat, linknet, Centrin, and MyNet.
ISDN
ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) is a telecommunication system in which the services of data, voice, and images integrated into a network, and an analog telephone transmission systems to digital systems.
ISDN users are given the advantage of flexibility and cost savings, because the cost of this integrated system would be much cheaper when using a separate system. ISDN services are provided by the ISP, called NSP (Network Service Provider).
Inside there are two types of ISDN services, namely:
1. Basic Rate Interface (BRI)
2. Primary Rate Interface (PRI)
Satellite
VSAT (Very Small Aperture Terminal) is the signal from the satellite receiving station with antenapenerima shaped disc with a diameter of less than 3 meters.
The main function of the VSAT is to receive and send data to a satellite.
Mobile
The Internet also been developed for wireless applications (without cable) by using a mobile phone. The protocol used is called WAP. Wireless Application Protocol WAP is an abbreviated protocol messaging service or a technique that allows a digital mobile phone or mobile terminals that have a WAP facility, see / read the contents of a site on the internet in a special text format. WAP works with text mode with a speed of 9.6 Kbps. In addition to WAP, also developed technology GPRS (General Packet Radio Service), GPRS promises to speed starting from 56 kbps to 115 kbps, allowing for Internet access, multimedia data transmission to computers, notebooks and handheld computers. Currently, there is 3G (Third Generation) mobile phones based on CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), which has 3G data transfer speeds up to 230 Kbps.